Levels of Health Care for a Brain Tumor Patient Essay

Levels of Health Care for a Brain Tumor Patient - Essay Example Brain tumors can be diagnosed through various processes: physical examination, neurologic examination, a Computerised Tomography (CT) scan and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). By physical examination, general health signs are checked. Neurologic examination is where the doctor examines the patient for attentiveness, strength of the muscles and coordination, any spontaneous effect and reaction to pain. The doctor also conducts an examination of the eyes to identify any swelling of the nerve connecting the brain and the eye which might have been caused by the pressure inserted by the tumor. With CT scan, an X-ray is conducted where the results are observed from a computer connected to the x-ray machine which clearly shows the position and the size of the tumors. MRI is where a high magnetic material is connected to a computer which shows detailed and clear pictures of the body that is provided by the means of a special dye which makes different tissues distinct. The pictures can be pr inted out (Potts & Mandleco, 2012). The patient undergoing brain tumor care is named Mrs. Y for purposes of patient confidentiality as required by the nursing and medical ethic. Primary level of health care is the first step where patients are exposed to health care systems which are normally the smaller health care facilities like the dispensaries serving the local community. Mostly, this unit involves simple diagnostic measures, preventive and curative where in-patients services are rare. Nurses are mostly found in this stage that will refer the patient to a district hospital which provides better services and in-patients services. The nurse examines the general sciences and symptoms of illness from the patient who then refers the patient for further treatment from the district level because the facility has no the necessary machines and equipment to examine the patient further (Potts & Mandleco 2012). The nurse can only administer pain killers to the patient. District level hospi tals have nurses, doctors and physicians who can conduct imaging, laboratory tests, simple X-rays and theaters to conduct simple surgeries. Most of the doctors and physicians could be operating in the provincial hospitals; therefore, they are only present in the hospitals rarely. The patient is given a chance to explain herself. Snooks state that because there is lack of proper equipment to critically examine the patient’s brain, the physician will have no choice but to refer the patient to the next level (2009). The physician explains to the patient and the family members of her condition and the challenge the facility is facing, the complexity of the condition and the cost of the procedure. The physician writes a note of referral which provides the initial examinations and any medication the patient has been given during this level. Mrs. Y may have a difficult time understanding her condition; many people view that any disease of the brain may result in madness. Therefore, counseling services may be provided by the administration to the patient and the family to reduce tension and stress (Potts & Mandleco 2012). The financial services to cover Mrs. Y treatment during this stage and to the next level may subject the family members some stress. Secondary level of health care refers to a stage with more sophisticated facilities as well as specialists in a particular area. Highly trained doctors, nurses, surgeons and physicians are readily available. This may be a provincial hospita

US Airline Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

US Airline Industry - Essay Example In this paper, the proponent tries to critically evaluate the US Airline Industry using the key frameworks of International business. PESTLE Analysis The US Airline Industry substantially needs a macro-environmental analysis from time to time. The PESTLE analysis could sufficiently provide macro-environmental understanding of the business environment of this industry. As a macro-environmental analysis, the PESTLE analysis is composed of important factors such as politics, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental which have the capacity to affect and alter business at a significant level (Haberberg and Rieple, 2008). Politics The US Airline Industry belongs to a highly political scenario. The very proof was the revolution from regulation to deregulation scenario in the industry. It is highly political in the sense that competitors are trying to influence the government’s decision in order to come up with their competitive advantage in the industry. Competition was a central focus in this case because the industry is substantially composed of varying investors who would want to try to reach specific level of competitive advantage. However, the government’s political power also has important implication on the prevailing US Airline Industry. ... and price-sensitive customers, based on the case, poor economic condition of the country substantially affects the prevailing status of the US Airline Industry. This resulted to poor achievement of profit within the industry. Deregulation resulted to the formation of many airlines which also finally end up with overcapacity and eventually net losses for the industry (Vasigh et al., 2008). However, economic downturns have proven effective contributing factor that substantially affect the profitability of the US Airline Industry. In 1990s the US experienced downturn and this was further aggravated by political uncertainty due to the Gulf War and surging fuel costs (Vasigh et al., 2008). This resulted to poor economic performance within the US Airline Industry. In 2008 to 2009, passenger volumes around the globe dropped as an upshot of the economic crisis associated in these years (Rosenberg, 2010). This substantially proves that the US Airline Industry could be highly affected by the p revailing economic condition of the country and it could be severely hurt at some point for as long as the financial stability of passengers is concerned. Social Another important factor affecting poor profitability within the US Airline Industry is the existence of price-sensitive customers. However, this can only be just among of the major drawbacks of other important factors such as economic in particular. It is also important to understand profitability within the context of social understanding and the prevailing status of the US Airline Industry within individual organization. The US Airline Industry is one of the highly unionized industries in the US with more than 70% eligible employees of major airlines belonging to union (Belobaba et al., 2009). This has substantial implication